PARP and Androgen-Signaling Inhibition plus ADT in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Agarwal, N; Matsubara, N; Azad, AA; Saad, F; Mateo, J; Jiang, S; Ye, D; Voog, E; Shore, ND; &#199;il, T; Vulsteke, C; Chung, HJ; Zsch&#228;bitz, S; Laird, AD; Zhang, X; Nandoskar, P; Chetcuti, SF; Wang, F; Fizazi, K

Author(s): Agarwal, N; Matsubara, N; Azad, AA; Saad, F; Mateo, J; Jiang, S; Ye, D; Voog, E; Shore, ND; Çil, T; Vulsteke, C; Chung, HJ; Zschäbitz, S; Laird, AD; Zhang, X; Nandoskar, P; Chetcuti, SF; Wang, F; Fizazi, K;
Details: Publication Year 2026-07-30,Volume 395,Issue #5,Page 427-439
Journal Title: New England Journal of Medicine
Publication Type: Research article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: A previous trial involving patients with metastatic prostate cancer that was resistant to androgen pathway modulation (formerly referred to as castration-resistant) showed that adding talazoparib to enzalutamide significantly improved imaging-based progression-free survival and overall survival, with the greatest benefit observed in the cohort with alterations in homologous recombination repair genes. METHODS: In this ongoing, phase 3, double-blind trial assessing talazoparib in patients with metastatic androgen pathway modulation-sensitive [APMS] prostate cancer harboring alterations in homologous recombination repair genes, we randomly assigned patients in a 1:1 ratio to receive talazoparib at a dose of 0.5 mg plus enzalutamide at a dose of 160 mg once daily (talazoparib group) or placebo plus enzalutamide at a dose of 160 mg once daily (control group). Randomization was stratified according to disease status (new or relapsed), disease volume (high or low), and BRCA (vs. non-BRCA) mutation status. The primary end point was investigator-assessed imaging-based progression-free survival. The key secondary end point was overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients were assigned to the talazoparib group and 299 to the control group. At 3 years, progression-free survival was 77% in the talazoparib group and 56% in the control group (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36 to 0.65; P<0.001). In this interim analysis, overall survival at 3 years was 78% in the talazoparib group and 72% in the control group (hazard ratio for death, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.04). Serious adverse events were reported in 42% and 32% of the patients in the talazoparib group and the control group, respectively. In the talazoparib group, the most common adverse events were anemia, fatigue, and decreased neutrophil count, and the most common event of grade 3 or higher was anemia, reported in 51% of the patients; two treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Talazoparib added to enzalutamide led to significantly better imaging-based progression-free survival than placebo plus enzalutamide among patients with metastatic APMS prostate cancer harboring alterations in homologous recombination repair genes. Serious adverse events were more common with talazoparib plus enzalutamide than with placebo plus enzalutamide. (Funded by Pfizer; TALAPRO-3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04821622.).
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Keywords: Humans; Male; *Phthalazines/adverse effects/administration & dosage; Double-Blind Method; Nitriles; *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use/adverse effects; Benzamides; Aged; *Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/adverse effects/administration &; dosage/therapeutic use; *Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives/administration & dosage/adverse; effects; Middle Aged; Progression-Free Survival; *Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics/pathology; *Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use/adverse effects/administration & dosage; Neoplasm Metastasis; Aged, 80 and over; Recombinational DNA Repair
Department(s): Medical Oncology
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2604126
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2026-06-23 03:42:02

Last Modified: 2026-08-11 02:01:18