The evolving status of immunotherapies in multiple myeloma: the future role of bispecific antibodies

Swan, D; Routledge, D; Harrison, S

Author(s): Swan, D; Routledge, D; Harrison, S;
Details: Publication Year 2022-02,Volume 196,Issue #3,Page 488-506
Journal Title: British Journal of Haematology
Publication Type: Review
Abstract: Treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM) have improved dramatically over the past 10 years. However, patients with high-risk disease such as those with Stage III disease by the Revised International Staging System, the presence of adverse cytogenetics, or who are refractory to proteosome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs and monoclonal antibodies may have dismal outcomes. These patients represent an urgent ongoing need in MM. One of the hallmarks of MM is immune dysfunction and a tumour-permissive immune microenvironment. Ameliorating the immune-paresis could lead to improved outcomes. The role of immunotherapies has been growing at an exponential pace with numerous agents under development in clinical trials. In the present review, we provide an overview of immunotherapies in MM, focussing on bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). We review efficacy outcomes from the published clinical trials and consider the important safety aspects of these therapies, in particular the risk of cytokine-release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, and how these compare with patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T cells. We discuss the MM epitopes being targeted by BsAbs, either in clinical or preclinical stages, and we consider where these therapies might best fit within the future ever-changing paradigm of MM treatment.
Publisher: Wiley
Keywords: Animals; Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology/*therapeutic use; Clinical Decision-Making; Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects/methods; Disease Management; Humans; *Immunotherapy/methods/trends; Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods/trends; Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis/etiology/mortality/*therapy; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome; antibody therapy; bispecific antibodies; cytokine-release syndrome; immunotherapy; myeloma
Department(s): Haematology
PubMed ID: 34472091
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.17805
Open Access at Publisher's Site: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.17805
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2025-04-11 03:02:51

Last Modified: 2025-04-11 03:05:16