Associations between Smoking and Alcohol and Follicular Lymphoma Incidence and Survival: A Family-Based Case-Control Study in Australia
- Author(s)
- Odutola, MK; van Leeuwen, MT; Turner, J; Bruinsma, F; Seymour, JF; Prince, HM; Milliken, ST; Trotman, J; Verner, E; Tiley, C; Roncolato, F; Underhill, CR; Opat, SS; Harvey, M; Hertzberg, M; Benke, G; Giles, GG; Vajdic, CM;
- Details
- Publication Year 2022-06,Volume 14,Issue #11,Page 2710
- Journal Title
- Cancers
- Publication Type
- Research article
- Abstract
- The association between smoking and alcohol consumption and follicular lymphoma (FL) incidence and clinical outcome is uncertain. We conducted a population-based family case-control study (709 cases: 490 controls) in Australia. We assessed lifetime history of smoking and recent alcohol consumption and followed-up cases (median = 83 months). We examined associations with FL risk using unconditional logistic regression and with all-cause and FL-specific mortality of cases using Cox regression. FL risk was associated with ever smoking (OR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.08-1.74), former smoking (OR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.05-1.77), smoking initiation before age 17 (OR = 1.47, 95%CI = 1.06-2.05), the highest categories of cigarettes smoked per day (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.04-2.01), smoking duration (OR = 1.53, 95%CI = 1.07-2.18) and pack-years (OR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.10-2.22). For never smokers, FL risk increased for those exposed indoors to >2 smokers during childhood (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.11-3.04). For cases, current smoking and the highest categories of smoking duration and lifetime cigarette exposure were associated with elevated all-cause mortality. The hazard ratio for current smoking and FL-specific mortality was 2.97 (95%CI = 0.91-9.72). We found no association between recent alcohol consumption and FL risk, all-cause or FL-specific mortality. Our study showed consistent evidence of an association between smoking and increased FL risk and possibly also FL-specific mortality. Strengthening anti-smoking policies and interventions may reduce the population burden of FL.
- Keywords
- alcohol; follicular lymphoma; incidence; smoking; survival
- Department(s)
- Haematology
- PubMed ID
- 35681690
- Publisher's Version
- https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14112710
- Open Access at Publisher's Site
https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14112710- Terms of Use/Rights Notice
- Refer to copyright notice on published article.
Creation Date: 2025-02-14 04:06:07
Last Modified: 2025-02-14 04:08:15