Systematic Review of the Presentation, Treatment, and Outcome of Chronic Disseminated Candidiasis in Children With Cancer or Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplant

Eagling-Every, E; Tsoi, SK; Walker, H; Haeusler, GM

Author(s): Eagling-Every, E; Tsoi, SK; Walker, H; Haeusler, GM;
Details: Publication Year 2025-04,Volume 72,Issue #4,Page e31560
Journal Title: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
Publication Type: Review
Abstract: Chronic disseminated candidiasis (CDC) is a rare complication of immunosuppression. This review describes the presentation, management, and outcomes of CDC in pediatric patients with cancer or following hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). PubMed, Embase, and Medline were searched identifying 32 studies, describing 95 cases of CDC. CDC occurred almost exclusively in patients with leukemia (91%), with only 5% occurring in lymphoma, 1% post HCT, and 3% in solid tumor. The most frequent presenting symptoms were fever (97%) and abdominal pain (45%), with lesions in liver in 63% and spleen in 54% (less common in kidney, lungs and skin/soft tissue). Of the 67 (71%) episodes with microbiological confirmation, Candida tropicalis (28%) was the most common causative species. Antifungal treatment durations varied from 14 days to 28 months. Additionally, 31 (33%) patients received an adjuvant therapy, the most common being corticosteroids. Mortality, directly attributable to CDC, occurred in nine (9%). There remains insufficient data to guide a unified approach to management.
Keywords: Humans; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects; Child; *Neoplasms/complications/therapy; *Candidiasis/etiology/mortality/drug therapy; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Adolescent; Infant; chronic disseminated candidiasis; hematopoietic cell transplant; hepatosplenic candidiasis; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; oncology; pediatric
Department(s): Infectious Diseases
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.31560
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2025-01-30 02:31:23

Last Modified: 2025-03-14 07:08:03